When I was young, foolish, and poor, I had a car with lots of spare wheels and tires. I'd run the tires to the cords, and until they went flat. I went through about 6 tires this way, so have some experience. Yes I was foolish, but, I did have the advantage of expecting a tire to blow at any time, as opposed to getting suprised by the event. My experience was that I'd prefer to have a rear tire go. When a tire does go, do not make any sudden movements. Steer gently to keep the car/truck heading in the right direction. Maintain speed until you have the vehicle under control then gently coast to nearly a stop, and only then apply the brakes.
I would not run your patched tire at any speed unless I had no other choice. Then I'd drive very conservatively until I could get it replaced with a decent tire. I'd put it on the rear if I could.