Locker: Jack up the axle and spin one wheel, watch the direction of rotation of the other wheel. If opposite directions, its an open diff (or an unlocked air or electric locker), if the same it is a locker or limited slip of some sort.

Gearing: http://www.4crawler.com/4x4/4R_TechInfo.shtml#RatioDetermination

EFI, a 22RE swap is one good option.