I have had/seen this exact same problem. the engine seems to be overheating on your gauge correct? I have found faulty gauges to be the problem in the 80's models at least three or four times.

I am guessing that the starter does not provide enough spin on the water pump to force the water through the engine. I bet if you ran the engine it would show you that the water pump is fine.

the first time I encountered this overheating problem I changed everything, had the radiator cleaned, and it all came back to the gauge. frustrating to say the least. I realized it was the gauge when I used a meat thermometer of all things on the block and in the water. after changing the gauge it proved my theory correct.

just a hunch this may be your problem