can one be bought with a salvage title and a new motor swapped in?
That's a question that every yard operator may have to answer for himself. My answer is "No".
The title cannot pass - salvage or otherwise - on the C4C vehicles. The titles must be marked as clunkers and turned in to the states. If I don't do that, I can go to a federal prison for a long time. Financial fines are in addition.
It is legal for parts to be sold with the exception of engine blocks. If you take that literally, it means that a person could dismantle the doors, fenders, hood, remove the body tub from the frame and consider the tub as 1 part - sell that and then sell the individual parts for the customer to reassemble as a complete body. You can continue that rationale until the entire vehicle minus the engine was available for sale.
The problem with that is that it violates the intent of the C4C idea and what will happen is that someone/somewhere will try to use the VIN from the recreated vehicle to register it as a used vehicle. When that happens, even though it is the responsibility of the person attempting to register the vehicle, suspicion will likely be cast on the parts seller and the question asked if he sold a vehicle minus the engine. Even though the yard operator would likely be found innocent in a courtroom, the cost of defending that could be large because the stakes would be so high.
So - even though it seems wasteful to destroy the hull of a perfectly nice vehicle, it is what I will do. Others can decide for themselves what risk they want to accept.
Frank