no it will not make it throw a rod.

how ever putting a nice new head and head gasket on a very worn out motor will make you wish you had taken the time to replace the rings.

also one of the biggest mistakes made when replaceing the head gasket is not cleaning out the head bolt holes.

also don't let the block scrapings get into the oil passages or water jacket.

I use a rifle brush and a small copper tube on an air gun for the bolt holes.
I use a shop vac while scraping the top of the block.
after I am done scraping I use it to suck out the water jacket and oil passages.